For a tube with a constant rate of flow, the strength of the compensating force is proportional to the fluid's viscosity. This is because a force is required to overcome the friction between the layers of the fluid which are in relative motion. Experiments show that some stress (such as a pressure difference between the two ends of the tube) is needed to sustain the flow. For instance, when a viscous fluid is forced through a tube, it flows more quickly near the tube's axis than near its walls. Viscosity quantifies the internal frictional force between adjacent layers of fluid that are in relative motion. For liquids, it corresponds to the informal concept of "thickness": for example, syrup has a higher viscosity than water. The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its resistance to deformation at a given rate.
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